Part and Supplier Qualification Requirements
All processes used to qualify parts, parts manufacturers, and parts distributors should be docu- mented following established quality assurance policies, procedures, and applicable standards. Parts should be qualified for the application in which they are used, and they should be as- sessed for supportability and life-cycle cost issues. Qualification of parts manufacturers and dis- tributors may include an assessment of the manufacturer's documented processes, for example, its statistical process control data and its process controls on manufacturing, material, shipment, storage, notification concerning process changes, customer satisfaction, and quality measure- ment systems. In addition, depending on the contracted requirements associated with the part under interest, such special process controls as lead-free control and counterfeit control may be appropriate for assessment.
The parts management engineer should participate in (or have access to) the technical evalu- ation of suppliers and in the review and approval of suppliers' manufacturing processes and
parts changes. Appendixes C and D contain additional guidelines that may be helpful.
Substitute Part Practice
Substitute, alternate, and superseding part procedures may be required to address parts procure- ment issues and DMSMS issues:
• Alternate part-a part that possesses functional and physical characteristics so as to be equivalent in performance, reliability, and maintainability to an original design part with- out selection for fit or performance. An alternate part should be subject to the same part selection review and approval process as the original design part and should be included on the BOM.
• Substitute part-a part that possesses functional and physical characteristics so as to be capable of being exchanged with the design part only under specified conditions, or in particular applications, without alteration of the parts themselves or adjoining items. Substitute parts should be reviewed and approved in accordance with PMP requirements.
• Superseding part-a part deemed desirable for use as a replacement part for the original design part (which becomes the superseded part). A superseding part meets all require- ments of an alternate part, but is used exclusively in lieu of the original design part.
A substitute parts practice should never be used as a method to address failed parts, safety- critical issues, or elements in which Class 1 changes (changes that must be approved by the government) or redesign may be involved. Below are some important things to consider when selecting alternate or substitute parts:
• Substitute parts list (SPL) reference. The SPL must be referenced directly on the drawing or BOM, or incorporated by reference in a separate specification called out in the drawing or BOM.
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