ulation, compliance is mandatory, not voluntary. Even the term "consensus" has lead to the misperception that 100 percent agreement is required before a standard is
approved. Consensus is defined differently by standards developers, but it is usually
more than 60 percent and less than unanimity.
What Is an NGS?
An NGS is a standard developed by a private-sector organization that plans, develops, establishes, or coordinates standards, specifications, handbooks, or related documents. NGSBs include professional, scientific, and engineering societies; dedicated standards bodies; trade associations; consortia; and international standards bodies.The Depart- ment prefers to use the term "non-Government standard" instead of voluntary consen- sus standard, partly to avoid the confusion noted above, but also because it is a broader term which includes consortia standards.As with voluntary consensus standards, NGSs do not include company standards or de Jacto standards.
What Is a Consortia Standard?
Consortia standards are developed by companies or organizations which share similar strategic standardization goals, need to develop standards quickly to meet market demand, or are trying to harmonize or differentiate requirements in a specific industry. In 1990, there were comparatively few consortia standards; however, as time progresses, thousands more documents are being created, particularly in the information technolo- gy area.
There is discussion in some federal agencies concerning the permissibility of using consortia standards and whether OMB Circular A-119 authorizes their use.While the Circular does not specifically address consortia standards, it clearly authorizes their use and gives them preference to Government standards.The Circular states,"This policy does not establish a preference among standards developed in the private sector….This policy allows agencies to select a non-consensus standard developed in the private sec- tor as a means of establishing testing methods in a regulation and to choose among commercial-off-the-shelf products, regardless of whether the underlying standards are
developed by voluntary consensus standards bodies or not."
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