Performance Specification Guide SD-15
identify the aerial refueling procedures to be employed to ensure that safe and successful aerial refueling operations can be accomplished.
REQUIREMENT GUIDANCE (3.1.1.1.1)
Blank 1. Specify the envelope in terms of airspeed range (KCAS) and altitude range (pressure altitude - feet).
Blank 2. Specify the conditions that define the interfaces between the air vehicle and the aerial refueling tankers. Reference to requirements 3.4.6.2.1 Receiver interfaces and 3.4.6.2.2 Tanker interfaces could be appropriate. If it is necessary to specify procedural operations in this paragraph, as a minimum, specify NATO STANAG 3971 and Allied Tactical Publication (ATP)
56, Air-to-Air Refueling. If other procedures are also required, ensure the procedures adequately address all factors involved in the aerial refueling operations. Procedures must address day versus night conditions (with and without night vision goggles), employment versus deployment scenarios, tanker and receiver rendezvous methods, communication techniques under various
threat levels for detection or intercept, tanker and receiver formation techniques under single and multiple tanker and single or multiple receiver combinations, and tanker/receiver contact process under single/multiple receiver combinations.
REQUIREMENT LESSONS LEARNED (3.1.1.1.1)
The airspeed and altitude envelope within which existing tanker and receiver aerial refueling subsystems are able to operate varies from subsystem to subsystem. There are multi-point drogue tankers which have a wing pod subsystem with an airspeed and altitude operational envelope quite different from their centerline hose reel subsystem. Each receiver has its unique airspeed and altitude envelope within which to operate its aerial refueling subsystem(s). Whether it is a new tanker aerial refueling subsystem or a receiver aerial refueling subsystem being developed,
the defined airspeed and altitude envelope for each aerial refueling subsystem should be made as
broad as possible to maximize operational utility of the subsystem and mission flexibility for the air vehicle.
The U.S. Government has agreed to comply with NATO STANAG 3971 without reservation or exception. As such, all new receiver/tanker air vehicles with an aerial refueling subsystem should be able to conduct aerial refueling operations per NATO STANAG 3971 procedures. New receiver aircraft should be able to refuel using the procedures that have been established for each tanker aerial refueling subsystem on the fielded tanker. Each tanker and each tanker aerial refueling subsystem can have unique procedures associated with them. The aerial refueling procedures with USAF KC-135 tankers (boom and drogue subsystems) are provided in TO 1-
1C-1-3. Aerial refueling procedures with USAF KC-10 tankers (boom and drogue subsystems) are provided in TO 1-1C-1-33. Aerial refueling procedures with USAF HC/MC-130 tankers (wing drogue subsystems) are provided in TO 1-1C-1-20. Aerial refueling procedures with US Navy/USMC tanker assets are provided in NAVAIR NATOPS 00-80T-110.
New tanker aircraft should be capable of aerial refueling fielded receiver air vehicles using procedures consistent with the receiver air vehicle's existing aerial refueling procedures. The USAF has defined aerial refueling procedures with each receiver air vehicle. These procedures are contained within a series of TOs numbered 1-1C-1-XX (XX designates a unique number for
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